diff --git a/packages/ai/src/provider-error.ts b/packages/ai/src/provider-error.ts
index 7408f609c03..b1f3c0a70f2 100644
--- a/packages/ai/src/provider-error.ts
+++ b/packages/ai/src/provider-error.ts
@@ -250,6 +250,7 @@ export function classifyProviderFailure(input: ProviderFailure): AIError["reason
     ...providerCodes(body),
     ...providerCodes(input.message),
     ...(GATEWAY_CODE_LABEL.exec(input.message)?.slice(1) ?? []),
+    ...awsErrorType(input.http?.headers["x-amzn-errortype"]),
   ].map((code) => code.toLowerCase())
   // Scan the raw payload too so signals missing from the summary message
   // (e.g. overflow phrases nested in a JSON error body) still classify.
@@ -325,6 +326,8 @@ function providerCodes(value: unknown) {
   const exception = isRecord(decoded.exception) ? decoded.exception : undefined
   return [
     decoded.code,
+    ...awsErrorType(decoded.__type),
+    ...awsErrorType(decoded.code),
     // Stability's `{ id, name, errors }` bodies carry the code in `name`.
     Array.isArray(decoded.errors) ? decoded.name : undefined,
     decoded.error_type,
@@ -343,3 +346,10 @@ function providerCodes(value: unknown) {
     exception?.type,
   ].filter((value): value is string => typeof value === "string")
 }
+
+// AWS restJson1 reports the modeled error in `X-Amzn-Errortype`, `__type` or `code`, possibly
+// namespaced (`ns#Name`) or suffixed (`Name:uri`). Keep the shape name only.
+// https://smithy.io/2.0/aws/protocols/aws-restjson1-protocol.html#operation-error-serialization
+function awsErrorType(value: unknown) {
+  return typeof value === "string" ? [value.replace(/:.*/s, "").replace(/^[^#]*#/, "")] : []
+}
diff --git a/packages/ai/test/executor.test.ts b/packages/ai/test/executor.test.ts
index 07baf92bbda..ca15902a447 100644
--- a/packages/ai/test/executor.test.ts
+++ b/packages/ai/test/executor.test.ts
@@ -75,6 +75,29 @@ describe("RequestExecutor", () => {
     }),
   )
 
+  it.effect("classifies AWS modeled errors from every restJson1 identity location", () =>
+    Effect.sync(() => {
+      const cases = [
+        { body: { code: "ThrottlingException" } },
+        { body: { __type: "ThrottlingException" } },
+        { body: { code: "com.amazonaws.bedrock#ThrottlingException:http://internal.amazon.com/coral/" } },
+        { body: {}, headers: { "X-Amzn-Errortype": "ThrottlingException:http://internal.amazon.com/coral/" } },
+      ]
+      for (const item of cases) {
+        const body = JSON.stringify({ ...item.body, message: "Slow down" })
+        const error = RequestExecutor.httpFailure({
+          message: "Slow down",
+          url: request.url,
+          status: 400,
+          responseHeaders: item.headers,
+          responseBody: body,
+        })
+        expect(error.reason._tag).toBe("RateLimit")
+        expect(error.reason.body).toBe(body)
+      }
+    }),
+  )
+
   it.effect("retains the original body-read failure on an HTTP status error", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const cause = new Error("response body disconnected")